1. ogee — [architecture] double curve with S-shaped cross-section
Looking like a bubble or onion atop the larger main chamber of the still, the ogee before the neck allows the distillate to cool and condense, dropping some of the heavier products back into the pot and creating a purer, more satisfying, product.
2. Hierosolymite — Jerusalemite
The commission studied the situation of the Hierosolymite poor, with especial interest in reducing the number of those dependent upon alms for their daily bread.
3. propaedeutic (also propedeutic or propadeutic) — introductory, preparative
Some students, of course, will be cognizant of the material covered in this first propaedeutic year, but most will find some new things, and all will benefit from the opportunity for review.
4. subnivean — occurring beneath a layer of snow, subnival
The fox will search for the meagre signs of subnivean tunnels to these nests, in order to catch these birds unawares.
5. apodosis — [rhetoric] consequent in a conditional sentence
By using ‘Inshallah’ in this way, he transforms every promise into an apodosis which becomes very doubtful indeed, implying that if and only if the Deity forcibly lifts and transports him to your dinner party will he attend.
6. viviparous — [biology] born alive, as opposed to hatching from an egg or germinating from a seed
Audubon was nearing the end of his life as he completed his studies of the viviparous fauna, and his son is believed to have finished several of the pieces.
7. refoulement — [law] forced repatriation or relocation of refugees to a country inimical to them
The UNHCR stated quite clearly that refugees should not be subject to refoulement, but, like many principles founded on merely human rights, this was found to be unprofitable and so had to be abandoned.
8. battels — [UK slang] small allowance of money for schoolboys; expense money for students; bills from colleges to students for miscellaneous expenses
Since the death of Queen Victoria (though obviously not post hoc ergo propter hoc), expenses previously paid to local tradesmen are now found in the college battels submitted at end of term, with ever increasing sums.
9. gallivant — to wander about purely for pleasure, to gad
Having the day free and with Mr. Simmons’s approval I gallivanted into town for a little fun, but somehow having permission took away all my enjoyment, and I ended up heading to the library to bone up on biological hierarchies.
10. roundelay — poem or song with repeated phrase, round; circle dance
Though I do love a fine minstrel’s roundelay, a bad one makes me regret music were ever invented.
Bonus Vocabulary
(rhetoric, not logic, with ‘fallacy’ = falsehood)
pathetic fallacy — literary conceit wherein human attributes are accorded to inanimate things
Kenneth Burke famously investigated the ambiguity in literature between motion and action, finding this tension at the heart of the concept of pathetic fallacy.